warau-okami:

List of 188 Japanese particles with meaning / usage

1. は (wa)Indicantes the topic of a sentence
2. か (ka)At the end of a sentence indicating a question
3. が (ga)Indicates the subject of a sentence
4. に (ni)Indicates a location
5. の (no)Indicates possession
6. は (wa)Indicates a contrast between 2 items
7. に (ni)Indicates time or frequency
8. へ (e)Indicates direction
9. を (wo/o)Indicates the direct object of a verb
10. と (to)Used to connect and list up multiple items
11. や (ya)Used to connect and partially list up multiple items
12. など (nado)Used with や (ya) to partially list up multiple items
13. も (mo)means “too”, “either”, “also”
14. も (mo)both…and…, neither…nor…
15. に (ni)Indicates the indirect object of a verb
16. に (ni)Indicates the surface of a object where some action takes place
17. で (de)Indicates the location of an action
18. と (to)Together with
19. の (no)Indicates an apposition
20. から (kara)Indicates a starting point in time or place
21. より (yori)Indicates a starting point in time or place but more formal than kara (20)
22. まで (made)Indicates a limit on time, space or quantity
23. くらい (kurai)Indicates an approximate amount
24. ほど (hodo)Indicates an approximate amount
25. ばかり(bakari)Indicates an approximate amount
26. で (de)Indicates a means or material
27. か (ka)Indicates a choice or alternative
28. を (wo/o)Indicates a point of departure
29. を (wo/o)Indicates a route of a movement/motion
30. に (ni)Indicates a point of arrival
31. に (ni)Indicates an entering motion
32. に (ni)Used together with a verb to express a purpose
33. と (to)Used when quoting someone
34. と いう (to iu)Indicates the name of something
35. とか (toka)“something like”
36. で (de)Indicates a limit or scope
37. と (to)Indicates a comparison
38. より (yori)Indicates a comparison
39. より (yori)Indicates superlative
40. くらい (kurai)Indicates a comparison
41. ほど (hodo)Indicates a comparison in a negative sentence
42. か (ka)someone, something
43. も (mo)“nothing”, nobody”, nowhere” if used with an interrogative word
44. に (ni)Used with a verb to indicate a change or choice
45. をする (wo/o suru)Expresses an occupation or position
46. でも (demo)Indicates emphasis
47. でも (demo)Together with an interrogative word it means “anything”, “anyone”, any time”
48. で (de)Indicates a cause or a reason
49. から (kara)Indicates a source such as a giver, a cause or material
50. に (ni)Indicates a person who gives something or who provides a service
51. は (wa) + が (ga)Indicates the relation between an object / subjects and a verb or adjective
52. が (ga)Connects two sentences with the meaning “but…”
53. を (wo/o)Used with an verb expressing emotions, it indicates the cause of this emotion
54. で (de)Indicates a state / condition of something
55. で (de)Limits numbers
56. だけ (dake)Indicates a limit on things or amounts
57. だけ (dake)Indicates a limit on an action or state
58. で (de)Indicates the time of completion or expiration of something
59. でも (demo)Following a noun, means “or something like this”
60. も (mo)Emphasizes in a positive or negative way
61. でも (demo)Indicates two or more items as an example of a larger list
62. ばかり (bakari)Indicates that an item, state or action is a single one
63. ばかり (bakari)Indicates an action was just completed
64. ところ (tokoro)Indicates that an action takes place, just took place or is about to take place
65. が (ga)Indicates the subject of subordinate clause when it is different from the subject of the main clause
66. から (kara)conjunction meaning “after” or “since”
67. ながら (nagara)Indicates that an action is happening simultaneously
68. が (ga)Indicates the subject of a relative clause
69. の (no)Indicates the subject of a relative clause
70. から (kara)Used as a conjunction and indicates a cause or reason
71. ので (node)Indicates a strong reason
72. の (no)Indicates a modified pronoun
73. の (no)Used to nominalize verbs & sentences
74. なら (nara)Used as a conjunction and indicates a supposition or condition
75. なら (nara)Indicates a topics and is used as an alternative to wa (No.1)
76. と (to)Indicates a condition that results in an inevitable outcome
77. ば (ba)Used as a conjunction to express a probable results
78. ばいい (ba)“all you have to do…”
79. ば (ba)Used to enumerate two or more actions or states
80. たら (tara)Used as a conjunction, indicates a supposition or condition
81. たら (tara)Used as a conjunction to indicate that one action takes place before the action described in the main sentence
82. ところ (tokoro)Used as a conjunction to indicate a condition that brings about a discovery
83. ても (temo)a conjunction meaning “even if”
84. ても (temo)Used with a set of contrasting verbs and adjectives
85. ても (temo)Together with an interrogative word it means “no matter what/where/who”
86. ては (tewa)Indicates a condition which will bring a negative conclusion
87. のみ (nomi)Indicates a limit (similar to だけ　dake)
88. まで (made)“even”, used to emphasize
89. さえ (sae)“even”, used to emphasize
90. さえ (sae)“if only” or “as long as”
91. のに (noni)“although”, “in spite of the fact that”
92. ながら (nagara)“although”, “though”, “but”
93. とか (toka)Indicates that a list of two ore more things or actions is not exhaustive
94. たり (tari)List of two or more actions in no particular sequence
95. たり (tari)Indicates actions or states that alternate
96. のに (noni)Indicates a purpose or function
97. のです (no desu)Asks for an explanation or reason
98. きり (kiri)Indicates a limit to an amount
99. きり (kiri)Indicates the last time a certain incident occured
100. とも (tomo)Used with numbers and counters to mean “both” or “all”
101. ながら (nagara)Used with numbers and counters to mean “both” or “all”
102. しか (shika)Used with a negative verb to indicate limits on conditions or quantities meaning “only”
103. しかない (shika nai)used with a verb meaning “to have no choice but to”
104. し (shi)Used as a conjunction, indicating two or more actions or states
105. し (shi)Used as a conjunction indicating a reason
106. とも (tomo)Indicates inclusion
107. に (ni)Indicates the one acting or the one acted upon
108. か (ka)Indicates uncertainty about something
109. か (ka)Indicates uncertainty about a state or reason
110. だの (dano) Indicates two or more items or actions of a longer list (similar to toka とか)
111. だの (dano)Indicates a pair of opposite actions or states
112. など (nado)“something to the effect”
113. やら (yara)Indicates two or more items of a longer list
114. やら (yara)Indicates uncertainty
115. ても (temo)Indicates an approximate limit with the meaning of “at the most”
116. とも (tomo)Indicates an approximate maximum or minimum
117. は (wa)Indicates that a number is the higher or lowest limit
118. と (to)Emphasizes a number in a negative sentence
119. など (nado)Indicates examples
120. くらい (kurai)Expresses an extent of an action or condition similar to ぐらい gurai
121. ほど (hodo)Indicates the extend of an action or condition
122. ほど (hodo)“the more… the more…”
123. だけ (dake)“as… as…”
124. だけ (dake)“the more… the more…”
125. と (to)“about to do something”, “trying to do something”
126. と (to)“even if…”, “whether… or not”
127. なり (nari)“either…”, “whether…or”
128. なり (nari)“anything”, “anyone”, “any time”
129. こそ (koso)Emphasizes the word preceding it
130. こそ (koso)Emphasizes a reason or a cause
131. ては (tewa)Expresses repetition of an action
132. に (ni)Joins two or more nouns to indicate a list of items
133. に (ni)Connects two or more items to indicate a matching or a contrast
134. にしては (ni shite wa)Indicates a generally agreed upon standard
135. にとって (ni totte)Indicates an effect or value of a person or thing
136. について (ni tsuite)“about”, “concerning” something or someone
137. とも…とも (tomo… tomo)“can’t say whether… or…”
138. が (ga)“even if”, “whether… or not”
139. は (wa)Emphasizes contrasting elements
140. として (toshite)Indicates status, capacity or function
141. として (toshite)Provides emphasis in a negative sentence
142. ばかりでなく(bakari de naku)“not only… but also”
143. だけ (dake) used to express “not only…but also”
144. のみ (nomi)used to express “not only…but also”
145. なり (nari)“as soon as”
146. 146がはやいか (ga hayai ka)“as soon as”
147. やいなや (ya ina ya)“as soon as”
148. かないうちに (ka nai uchi ni)“no sooner had”, “hardly had”
149. ばかり (bakari)Indicates the only action left to do
150. ばかりに (bakari ni)Emphasizes a reason or cause
151. すら (sura)Emphasizes in the meaning of “even”
152. など (nado)Expresses a humble attitude towards an item
153. とも (tomo)“no matter what”, “even if”
154. ともあろうひと (tomo aroo hito)To express that someone did something not to be expected
155. どころか (dokoro ka)“far from”, “not to mention”
156. だけに (dake ni)Indicates a cause or reason
157. までもない (made mo nai)“there is no need to…”
158. ものの (mono no)“but” or “although”
159. ところで (tokoro de)“even if”
160. けれども (keredomo)Connects 2 sentences meaning “but” or “although”
161. けれども (keredomo)Indicates a preliminary remark
162. が (ga)Used to soften a statement or refusal
163. けれども (keredomo)Indicates a desire
164. ね (ne)At the end of a sentence to confirm a statement
165. ね (ne)At the end of a sentence to soften a request or suggestion
166. ね (ne)At the end of a sentence to indicate a reason or cause
167. ねえ (nee)At the end of a sentence to indicate emotion
168. よ (yo)At the end of a sentence to state a strong conviction
169. よ (yo)At the end of a sentence to articulate a request or suggestion
170. かしら (kashira)At the end of a sentence to express uncertainty, a request or a question and mainly used by women
171. かな (kana)At the end of a sentence to express uncertainty, a request or a question and mainly used by men
172. な (na)At the end of a sentence and used by men to confirm a statement
173. な (na)At the end of a sentence to express a prohibition, used by men
174. なあ (naa)At the end of a sentence to express emotion, used by men
175. なあ (naa)At the end of a sentence to express a desire
176. の (no)At the end of a sentence to express a question or soften a command, used by women
177. わ (wa)At the end of a sentence to soften a statement, used by women
178. さ (sa)At the end of a sentence to indicate slight emphasis, used by men
179. こと (koto)At the end of a sentence to indicate emotion, used by women
180. こと (koto)At the end of a sentence to express a suggestion or invitation, used by women
181. もの (mono)At the end of a sentence to express a reason or excuse
182. とも (tomo)At the end of a sentence to express an assertion
183. ものか (monoka)At the end of a sentence to express a negative determination, used by men
184. や (ya)At the end of a sentence to soften a statement, request or suggestion, used by men
185. たら (tara)At the end of a sentence to indicate a suggestion or proposal
186. やら (yara)At the end of a sentence to indicate a rhetorical question with a negative implication
187. ぜ (ze)At the end of a sentence to add for to sentence, used by men
188. ぞ (zo)At the end of a sentence to add force to a sentence or to express a question to oneself

Japanese Grammar – Particles